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Introduction to Advanced Java

1. Overview

Advanced Java is a level above core Java that deals with web-based, network-centric, and enterprise applications. It encompasses technologies such as Servlets, JSP, EJB, and frameworks like Spring and Hibernate. In this tutorial, we will cover some fundamental aspects of Advanced Java with practical examples.

2. Java Servlets

Java Servlets are server-side programs that handle client requests and generate dynamic web content. They run on a web server and interact with web clients using the HTTP protocol.

Example: 
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<h1>Hello, World!</h1>");
    }
}

3. JavaServer Pages (JSP)

JSP is a technology used to create dynamic web pages using Java. It allows embedding Java code directly into HTML pages.

Example: 
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Hello JSP</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello, World!</h1>
    <% 
        String message = "Welcome to JSP!";
        out.println("<p>" + message + "</p>");
    %>
</body>
</html>

4. Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB)

EJB is a server-side software component that encapsulates business logic of an application. It is used to develop scalable, robust, and secure enterprise-level applications.

Example: 
@Stateless
public class CalculatorBean implements CalculatorRemote {
    public int add(int a, int b) {
        return a + b;
    }

    public int subtract(int a, int b) {
        return a - b;
    }
}

5. Spring Framework

The Spring Framework is a powerful, feature-rich framework used for building Java-based enterprise applications. It provides comprehensive infrastructure support for developing Java applications.

Example: 
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
    @Bean
    public MyService myService() {
        return new MyServiceImpl();
    }
}

@Service
public class MyServiceImpl implements MyService {
    public String sayHello() {
        return "Hello, Spring!";
    }
}

6. Hibernate Framework

Hibernate is an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) framework that simplifies data manipulation in Java applications by mapping Java classes to database tables.

Example: 
@Entity
public class User {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;

    private String name;
    private String email;

    // Getters and Setters
}

public class UserDao {
    public void saveUser(User user) {
        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
        session.save(user);
        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();
    }
}

7. Conclusion

This tutorial provided a brief overview of some advanced Java topics, including Servlets, JSP, EJB, Spring, and Hibernate. These technologies are essential for developing robust, scalable, and maintainable enterprise applications. Further study and practice are recommended to master these concepts and effectively apply them in real-world projects.