Robot Framework Tutorial
Introduction
Robot Framework is an open-source automation testing framework that is keyword-driven and designed for acceptance testing and acceptance test-driven development (ATDD). It is highly extensible, allowing users to create and use libraries that can enhance its capabilities.
Installation
To get started with Robot Framework, you need to have Python installed on your machine. You can install Robot Framework using pip.
Run the following command in your terminal:
After successful installation, you can verify it by checking the version:
Creating Your First Test Case
Robot Framework test cases are written in plain text format. The basic structure of a test case includes the test case name, keywords, and the expected outcomes.
Create a file named example_tests.robot and add the following content:
Example Test Case
Log Hello, Robot Framework!
To run the test, use the following command:
Understanding Test Suites
Test cases can be organized into test suites. A test suite is simply a collection of test cases that can be executed together.
Here is an example of organizing test cases in a suite:
Example Suite
*** Test Cases ***
First Test
Log This is the first test
Second Test
Log This is the second test
Using Keywords
Keywords are the building blocks of Robot Framework. They represent actions or operations. You can use built-in keywords or create your own.
Here’s an example of creating a custom keyword:
Custom Keyword
Log This is a custom keyword
Libraries
Robot Framework allows you to utilize libraries to extend its functionalities. Libraries can be built-in, standard, or external.
To use the SeleniumLibrary for web testing, install it using:
Then, you can import it in your test case:
Library SeleniumLibrary
Running Tests and Viewing Results
You can run your tests using the robot command. Robot Framework generates reports in HTML format after execution.
Run your tests with:
Check the generated report.html and log.html files for detailed results.
Conclusion
Robot Framework is a powerful tool for test automation that is easy to use and flexible. With its keyword-driven approach, you can create comprehensive test cases that are readable and maintainable. Explore its extensive libraries and functionalities to enhance your testing strategies.