Cucumber Tutorial
What is Cucumber?
Cucumber is a popular open-source tool used for Behavior-Driven Development (BDD). It allows developers and testers to write human-readable test cases in plain language, which serve as documentation for the software behavior. Cucumber tests are written in a language called Gherkin, which uses simple, structured sentences to describe the behavior of an application.
Installation
To get started with Cucumber, you need to install it. Here are the steps to follow:
1. Ensure you have Ruby installed on your machine.
2. Install Cucumber using the following command:
After installation, you can verify it by running:
Writing Your First Cucumber Test
Once you have Cucumber installed, you can start writing your first test. Cucumber tests are stored in feature files with the extension .feature. Let's create a simple feature file.
1. Create a directory for your project and navigate into it.
2. Create a file named calculator.feature with the following content:
Scenario: Add two numbers
Given I have a calculator
When I add 5 and 3
Then the result should be 8
Step Definitions
Step definitions are the glue that connects your feature files to your code. You will need to implement the steps defined in your feature file in a Ruby file. Create a new directory named step_definitions and create a file named calculator_steps.rb inside it.
Implement the following step definitions:
# Code to initialize calculator
When("I add {int} and {int}") do |a, b|
@result = a + b
Then("the result should be {int}") do |expected_result|
expect(@result).to eq(expected_result)
end
Running Your Tests
To run your Cucumber tests, use the following command in your project directory:
If everything is set up correctly, you should see output indicating that your tests have passed.
1 scenario (1 passed)
1 step (1 passed)
0m0.001s
Conclusion
Cucumber is a powerful tool for automating acceptance tests and facilitating collaboration between technical and non-technical stakeholders. With the ability to write tests in plain language, it enhances understanding and clarity. By following this tutorial, you have learned how to set up Cucumber, write your first test, implement step definitions, and run your tests.