JavaScript Essentials - Operators

Detailed overview of operators in JavaScript

Operators are symbols used to perform operations on operands (values and variables). This tutorial provides a detailed overview of various operators in JavaScript, including arithmetic, assignment, comparison, logical, and more.

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical calculations. Here are some common arithmetic operators:

• + (Addition)
• - (Subtraction)
• * (Multiplication)
• / (Division)
• % (Modulus)
• ++ (Increment)
• -- (Decrement)

var a = 10;
var b = 5;

console.log(a + b); // Output: 15
console.log(a - b); // Output: 5
console.log(a * b); // Output: 50
console.log(a / b); // Output: 2
console.log(a % b); // Output: 0

a++;
console.log(a); // Output: 11

b--;
console.log(b); // Output: 4
                

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables. Here are some common assignment operators:

• = (Assignment)
• += (Addition assignment)
• -= (Subtraction assignment)
• *= (Multiplication assignment)
• /= (Division assignment)
• %= (Modulus assignment)

var a = 10;

a += 5; // Equivalent to a = a + 5
console.log(a); // Output: 15

a -= 2; // Equivalent to a = a - 2
console.log(a); // Output: 13

a *= 3; // Equivalent to a = a * 3
console.log(a); // Output: 39

a /= 3; // Equivalent to a = a / 3
console.log(a); // Output: 13

a %= 3; // Equivalent to a = a % 3
console.log(a); // Output: 1
                

Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare values and return a boolean result. Here are some common comparison operators:

• == (Equal to)
• === (Strict equal to)
• != (Not equal to)
• !== (Strict not equal to)
• > (Greater than)
• >= (Greater than or equal to)
• < (Less than)
• <= (Less than or equal to)

var a = 10;
var b = 5;
var c = '10';

console.log(a == c); // Output: true
console.log(a === c); // Output: false
console.log(a != b); // Output: true
console.log(a !== c); // Output: true
console.log(a > b); // Output: true
console.log(a >= b); // Output: true
console.log(a < b); // Output: false
console.log(a <= b); // Output: false
                

Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine or invert boolean values. Here are some common logical operators:

• && (Logical AND)
• || (Logical OR)
• ! (Logical NOT)

var a = true;
var b = false;

console.log(a && b); // Output: false
console.log(a || b); // Output: true
console.log(!a); // Output: false
console.log(!b); // Output: true
                

Other Operators

JavaScript also supports other operators, such as:

• typeof (Type of an operand)
• instanceof (Instance of an object)
• ?: (Ternary/Conditional operator)

var a = 10;
var b = 'Hello';

console.log(typeof a); // Output: number
console.log(typeof b); // Output: string

var date = new Date();
console.log(date instanceof Date); // Output: true

var age = 20;
var status = (age >= 18) ? 'Adult' : 'Minor';
console.log(status); // Output: Adult
                

Summary

In this tutorial, you learned about various operators in JavaScript, including arithmetic, assignment, comparison, logical, and other operators. Understanding these operators is essential for performing calculations, making decisions, and manipulating data in your JavaScript programs.