Quantum Supremacy Revisited

Introduction

Quantum supremacy refers to the point at which a quantum computer can perform a calculation that is infeasible for classical computers. This lesson revisits the concept by exploring advancements since the initial claims and looking into the future trends in quantum computing.

Key Concepts

• Quantum Bit (Qubit): The basic unit of quantum information.
• Entanglement: A phenomenon where qubits become linked, affecting each other's states.
• Quantum Gates: The building blocks of quantum circuits that manipulate qubits.
• Fidelity: A measure of the accuracy of quantum operations.

Step-by-Step Process of Achieving Quantum Supremacy

                graph TD;
                    A[Classical Computers] --> B[Limitations];
                    B --> C[Quantum Algorithms];
                    C --> D{Is it feasible?};
                    D -- Yes --> E[Implement on Quantum Hardware];
                    D -- No --> F[Optimize Algorithms];
                    E --> G[Demonstrate Supremacy];
                    G --> H[Broader Applications];
                

Code Example: Quantum Circuit

Here's a simple example of creating a quantum circuit using Qiskit, a popular quantum computing framework:

from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, Aer, execute

# Create a quantum circuit with 2 qubits
qc = QuantumCircuit(2)

# Add gates
qc.h(0)  # Apply Hadamard gate to the first qubit
qc.cx(0, 1)  # Apply CNOT gate

# Measure the qubits
qc.measure_all()

# Execute the circuit on a quantum simulator
simulator = Aer.get_backend('qasm_simulator')
result = execute(qc, backend=simulator, shots=1024).result()
counts = result.get_counts(qc)
print(counts)
                    

FAQ