Enterprise Python Best Practices

1. Code Structure

Organizing your codebase is essential for maintainability. Use a modular approach to separate functionality.

myapp/
    ├── __init__.py
    ├── main.py
    ├── models/
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   └── user.py
    ├── services/
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   └── user_service.py
    └── tests/
        ├── __init__.py
        └── test_user_service.py
            

2. Dependency Management

Use virtual environments and a requirements file to manage dependencies.

python -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate # On Windows use `venv\Scripts\activate`
pip install -r requirements.txt
            

3. Logging and Monitoring

Implement logging to track application behavior. Use tools like Sentry for monitoring errors.

import logging

logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')

def my_function():
    logging.info('Function started')
    # Function logic
    logging.info('Function ended')
            

4. Testing

Write unit tests to ensure your code works as expected. Use frameworks like unittest or pytest.

import unittest
from myapp.services.user_service import create_user

class TestUserService(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_create_user(self):
        user = create_user('test@example.com')
        self.assertEqual(user.email, 'test@example.com')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()
            

5. Documentation

Maintain documentation for APIs and modules. Use tools like Sphinx for generating documentation from docstrings.

"""
Module for user services
"""

def create_user(email):
    """Create a new user with the given email."""
    pass
            

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