Kubernetes Security - OWASP Top 10

1. Introduction

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration platform that automates the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. However, with its growing use, security has become a critical concern. This lesson focuses on understanding Kubernetes security in the context of the OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities.

2. Common Vulnerabilities

The following vulnerabilities often affect Kubernetes environments:

• Improper Authentication and Authorization
• Insecure API Access
• Insufficient Resource Limits
• Exposed Secrets and Configurations
• Insecure Network Policies

2.1 Improper Authentication and Authorization

Misconfigurations can lead to unauthorized access to Kubernetes clusters. Always implement Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to manage permissions effectively.

2.2 Insecure API Access

Kubernetes API is a critical component. Ensure it is secured and only accessible from trusted networks.

2.3 Insufficient Resource Limits

Failing to set resource limits can lead to Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. Always define resource requests and limits in your pod specifications.

        apiVersion: v1
        kind: Pod
        metadata:
          name: mypod
        spec:
          containers:
          - name: mycontainer
            image: myimage
            resources:
              requests:
                memory: "64Mi"
                cpu: "250m"
              limits:
                memory: "128Mi"
                cpu: "500m"
        

2.4 Exposed Secrets and Configurations

Sensitive data should never be hardcoded or exposed. Use Kubernetes Secrets for sensitive information.

        apiVersion: v1
        kind: Secret
        metadata:
          name: mysecret
        type: Opaque
        data:
          password: cGFzc3dvcmQ=  # base64 encoded
        

2.5 Insecure Network Policies

Network policies are essential for controlling traffic flow. Always define network policies to restrict access.

3. Best Practices

• Implement RBAC for granular access control.
• Use namespaces to isolate resources.
• Regularly audit your Kubernetes configurations.
• Keep your Kubernetes and application images up to date.
• Employ network policies to restrict communication.

4. FAQ