Supported Data Types in Multi-Model Databases

Multi-model databases allow for the storage and retrieval of data in various formats. Understanding the supported data types is crucial for leveraging their full potential. This lesson will cover the key data types and their significance in multi-model databases.

Multi-model databases typically support the following data types:

• Document: JSON, XML
• Key-Value: Simple key-value pairs
• Graph: Nodes and edges
• Columnar: Tables with flexible schemas
• Time-series: Data indexed by time

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data interchange format. In multi-model databases, JSON documents can support complex data structures. Key JSON data types include:

• String
• Number
• Object
• Array
• Boolean
• Null

Example of a JSON document:

{
    "name": "John Doe",
    "age": 30,
    "isEmployed": true,
    "skills": ["JavaScript", "Python", "SQL"]
}

XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is used for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. Multi-model databases can store XML data types, which include:

• Elements
• Attributes
• Text nodes
• Comments

Example of an XML document:

<employee>
    <name>John Doe</name>
    <age>30</age>
    <isEmployed>true</isEmployed>
    <skills>
        <skill>JavaScript</skill>
        <skill>Python</skill>
        <skill>SQL</skill>
    </skills>
</employee>

Graph data types are designed to represent relationships between entities. They consist of:

• Nodes: Represent entities
• Edges: Represent relationships
• Properties: Key-value pairs attached to nodes and edges

Example of a graph structure:

Node: (Person: John Doe)
Edge: (Friend: Alice)
Properties: { "since": "2020" }

When working with multi-model databases, consider the following best practices:

• Choose the right data model based on your application's requirements.
• Use indexing to improve query performance.
• Regularly review and optimize data schemas.
• Ensure data validation to maintain data integrity.