Multi-Agent Architectures

Multi-Agent Architectures refer to the structured framework for organizing multiple agents within a system. Agents are autonomous entities that can perceive their environment, act upon it, and interact with other agents. This lesson explores the different architectures that govern the interactions and functionalities of agents in multi-agent systems (MAS).

Definition of Agents

An agent is defined as an entity that can observe its environment and take actions based on its perceptions and predefined goals.

Types of Agents

• Reactive Agents: Respond to changes in the environment.
• Deliberative Agents: Contain internal models and can plan ahead.
• Hybrid Agents: Combine reactive and deliberative capabilities.

Agent Communication

Agents communicate using various protocols, such as FIPA ACL (Agent Communication Language), which standardizes the format and semantics of agent messages.

Common Multi-Agent Architectures

• Centralized Architecture: A single coordinator manages all agents.
• Decentralized Architecture: Each agent operates independently without a central control.
• Hierarchical Architecture: Agents are organized in a hierarchy, with higher-level agents overseeing lower-level ones.

Flowchart of Multi-Agent System Design

                graph TD;
                    A[Start] --> B{Identify Requirements};
                    B -->|Single agent| C[Use Centralized Architecture];
                    B -->|Multiple Agents| D[Choose Architecture Type];
                    D --> E[Define Communication Protocol];
                    D --> F[Implement Agent Behaviors];
                    D --> G[Test System];
                    G --> H[End];
                

Best Practices:

• Modular Design: Keep agents loosely coupled to facilitate changes and updates.
• Standard Communication Protocols: Use established protocols for interoperability.
• Robust Error Handling: Implement mechanisms for agents to handle failures gracefully.