MongoDB Data Types

1. Introduction

MongoDB is a NoSQL database that uses a document-oriented data model. Understanding data types is crucial for effective data storage and retrieval in MongoDB.

2. Core Data Types

2.1 String

Strings are used to store text. They are UTF-8 encoded.

db.collection.insertOne({ name: "Alice" })

2.2 Integer and Double

Integers are 32-bit signed, while doubles are 64-bit floating-point numbers.

db.collection.insertOne({ age: 30, height: 5.9 })

2.3 Boolean

Booleans represent true or false values.

db.collection.insertOne({ isActive: true })

2.4 Array

Arrays hold multiple values in a single field.

db.collection.insertOne({ hobbies: ["reading", "traveling"] })

2.5 Object

Objects are nested documents.

db.collection.insertOne({ address: { city: "New York", zip: 10001 } })

2.6 Null

Null represents a non-existent or invalid value.

db.collection.insertOne({ middleName: null })

2.7 Date

Dates are used to store date and time.

db.collection.insertOne({ createdAt: new Date() })

2.8 ObjectId

ObjectId is a unique identifier for documents.

db.collection.insertOne({ _id: ObjectId() })

2.9 Binary Data

Binary data is used for storing binary files.

db.collection.insertOne({ file: new BinData(0, "base64string") })

2.10 Regular Expression

Regular expressions are used for pattern matching.

db.collection.find({ name: /Alice/ })

3. Document Structure

Documents in MongoDB are structured as key-value pairs. The data types are important for defining the structure and ensuring data integrity.

4. Best Practices

• Use indexes on fields that are frequently queried.
• Limit the size of documents to avoid performance issues.
• Regularly review and refactor schema design as applications evolve.

5. FAQ