Java Syntax and Basics

1. Introduction

Java is a versatile, high-level programming language that follows the object-oriented programming paradigm. It is widely used for building enterprise-scale applications, web applications, and mobile apps.

2. Data Types

Java supports several primitive data types:

• int: Integer type, e.g., int age = 30;
• double: For decimal numbers, e.g., double salary = 2500.50;
• char: For characters, e.g., char grade = 'A';
• boolean: For true/false values, e.g., boolean isJavaFun = true;

3. Variables

Variables are containers that hold data values. In Java, variables must be declared with a specific data type.

int number = 10;
String name = "John";

4. Operators

Java provides various operators for performing operations on variables:

• Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, %
• Relational Operators: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
• Logical Operators: && (AND), || (OR), ! (NOT)

5. Control Structures

Control structures determine the flow of execution in a program. Common control structures include:

5.1 Conditional Statements

if (condition) {
    // code to execute if condition is true
} else {
    // code to execute if condition is false
}

5.2 Loops

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    System.out.println(i);
}

6. Methods

Methods are blocks of code that perform a specific task. They can take parameters and return values.

public int add(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}

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